Taking about the Manufacturing Operation They are classified into Two basic types
- Processing operations
- Assembly operations
1. Processing operations - transform a work material from one state of completion to a more advanced state Operations that change the geometry, properties, or appearance of the starting material
2. Assembly operations - join two or more components in order to create a new entity
Processing Process
Alters
a work part's shape, physical properties, or appearance in order to add value
to the material
Three
categories of processing operations:
1. Shaping operations - alter the geometry
of the starting work material
2. Property-enhancing operations – improve
physical properties of the material without changing its shape
3. Surface processing operations -
performed to
clean,
treat, coat, or deposit material onto the exterior surface of the work
Shaping Process
Shaping in manufacturing is done by following four ways
1. Solidification
processes - starting material is a heated liquid or semifluid
that solidifies to form part geometry. Examples are casting of metals and molding of plastics
2. Particulate
processing - starting material is a powder, and the powders
are formed into desired geometry and then sintered to harden
3. Deformation
processes - starting material is a ductile solid (commonly
metal) that is deformed
4. Material
removal processes - starting material is a solid (ductile
or brittle), from which material is removed so resulting part has desired
geometry
Property Enhancing Process
Property-Enhancing
Processes is performed to improve mechanical or physical properties of the work
material. Part shape is not altered, except unintentionally
Examples:
Heat treatment of metals and glasses. Sintering of powdered metals and ceramics
Surface Processing
1.
Cleaning
- chemical and mechanical processes to remove dirt, oil, and other contaminants
from the surface
2.
Surface treatments -
mechanical working such as sand blasting, and physical processes like diffusion
3.
Coating and thin film deposition - coating exterior surface of the work part.
Several surface processing operations
used to fabricate integrated circuits
Assembly Operation
Two or more separate parts are joined
to form a new entity
Assembly operation in manufacturing process is classified as
1.
Joining processes – create
a permanent joint.
Examples: welding, brazing, soldering, and adhesive
bonding
2.
Mechanical assembly –fastening
by mechanical methods
Examples: use of screws, bolts, nuts,
other threaded fasteners; press fitting, expansion fits